DISK SHEDULING

A magnetic disk consists of a collection of platters which rotate on about a central spindle. These platters are metal disks covered with magnetic recording material on both sides. Each disk surface is divided into concentric circles called tracks. Each track is divided into sectors where information is stored. The reading and writing device, called the head moves over the surface of the platters until it finds the track and sector it requires. This is like finding someone's home by first finding the street (track) and then the particular house number (sector). There is one head for each surface on which information is stored each on its own arm. In most systems the arms are connected together so that the heads move in unison, so that each head is over the same track on each surface. The term cylinder refers to the collection of all tracks which are under the heads at any time.

First Come First Served (FCFS)

The disk controller processes the I/O requests in the order in which they arrive, thus moving backwards and forwards across the surface of the disk to get to the next requested location each time. Since no reordering of request takes place the head may move almost randomly across the surface of the disk. This policy aims to minimise response time with little regard for throughput.
Shortest Seek Time First (SSTF)Each time an I/O request has been completed the disk controller selects the waiting request whose sector location is closest to the current position of the head. The movement across the surface of the disk is still apparently random but the time spent in movement is minimised. This policy will have better throughput than FCFS but a request may be delayed for a long period if many closely located requests arrive just after it.
SCAN

The drive head sweeps across the entire surface of the disk, visiting the outermost cylinders before changing direction and sweeping back to the innermost cylinders. It selects the next waiting requests whose location it will reach on its path backwards and forwards across the disk. Thus, the movement time should be less than FCFS but the policy is clearly fairer than SSTF.
Circular SCAN

(C-SCAN)C-SCAN is similar to SCAN but I/O requests are only satisfied when the drive head is travelling in one direction across the surface of the disk. The head sweeps from the innermost cylinder to the outermost cylinder satisfying the waiting requests in order of their locations. When it reaches the outermost cylinder it sweeps back to the innermost cylinder without satisfying any requests and then starts again.
LOOK

Similarly to SCAN, the drive sweeps across the surface of the disk, satisfying requests, in alternating directions. However the drive now makes use of the information it has about the locations requested by the waiting requests. For example, a sweep out towards the outer edge of the disk will be reversed when there are no waiting requests for locations beyond the current cylinder.
Circular LOOK

(C-LOOK)Based on C-SCAN, C-LOOK involves the drive head sweeping across the disk satisfying requests in one direction only. As in LOOK the drive makes use of the location of waiting requests in order to determine how far to continue a sweep, and where to commence the next sweep. Thus it may curtail a sweep towards the outer edge when there are locations requested in cylinders beyond the current position, and commence its next sweep at a cylinder which is not the innermost one, if that is the most central one for which a sector is currently requested.
we have source code for this,the code was written in c-programing ....by the request

u may download at here

DISK SHEDULING